Abordaje inicial del traumatismo craneoencefálico en servicios de emergencias con recursos limitados
Artículo de Revisión
Resumen
El traumatismo craneoencefálico es una de las lesiones más frecuentes en adultos politraumatizados a nivel mundial, afectando de manera desproporcionada a los países con economías de medianos y bajos ingresos en América latina. Objetivo: Revisar la literatura actual propuesta para la atención de pacientes con traumatismo cráneo encefálico en estos escenarios y estructurar un resumen de apoyo a la toma de decisiones dirigido a médicos de emergencia que enfrentan esta patología con limitantes de diagnóstico y tratamiento. Materiales y métodos: revisión teórica. Fuentes de información: National library of medicine, Biomed Central, Wiley Online Library, Pubmed Central, SciELO, Dialnet, Springer, Elsevier. Se incluyeron estudios relacionados con el traumatismo cráneo encefálico en adultos entre los 18 a 65 años, revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis, estudios observacionales y protocolos para el manejo de lesión cerebral traumática en países con limitados recursos. Resultados: 41 artículos cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. 46,3% (n=19) publicados entre 2020 a 2022; el 29,2% (n=12) publicados entre 2018 a 2019; El 31,7% (n=13) son revisiones sistemáticas; El 24,3% (n= 10) son protocolos de consenso; la mayoría fue identificada en Pubmed central (PMC: n=26; 63,4%). Conclusiones: La evaluación clínica enfocada, lo cambios en la puntuación motora de la escala de coma de Glasgow, la ecografía de la vaina del nervio óptico y la tomografía simple de cráneo proporcionan información que aumenta la probabilidad pretest de hipertensión intracraneal en pacientes adultos con traumatismo cráneo encefálico facilitando el inicio precoz de medidas para limitar la lesión cerebral secundaria.
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NoComercial — Usted no puede hacer uso del material con propósitos comerciales.
CompartirIgual — Si remezcla, transforma o crea a partir del material, debe distribuir su contribución bajo la lamisma licencia del original.
No hay restricciones adicionales — No puede aplicar términos legales ni medidas tecnológicas que restrinjan legalmente a otras a hacer cualquier uso permitido por la licencia.
Avisos:
No tiene que cumplir con la licencia para elementos del materiale en el dominio público o cuando su uso esté permitido por una excepción o limitación aplicable.
No se dan garantías. La licencia podría no darle todos los permisos que necesita para el uso que tenga previsto. Por ejemplo, otros derechos como publicidad, privacidad, o derechos morales pueden limitar la forma en que utilice el material.
